Structures from first principles!
Some failures are caused by the most stealthy human factors: corruption and greed. This situation is even worse in the third-world countries where the use of sub-standard materials, faulty construction and cutting corners around standard specifications is highly prevalent.
Column base plates are provided beneath steel columns in order to transmit the applied design forces safely to the foundations. Steel columns are heavily loaded and their cross-sections are typically small…….
The second willow island, West Virginia cooling tower collapsed while still under construction on April 27, 1978, killing all 51 workers. It is regarded as the deadliest construction accident in the whole of US history.
Concealed concrete beams are beams whose depth are kept equal to the thickness of the supported slab. They are normally reinforced separately from the slab, having longitudinal bars and stirrups like a drop beam.
The most common form of steel connections in steel-framed structures is simple connections. These are connections that are incapable of transmitting significant bending moment between the frame elements.
he choice of the slab type and form is very critical for the other structural elements and overall stability of a structure.
Steel columns in simple construction are the most popular type of columns encountered in multi-storey steel buildings in practice
Torsion in structures is something that is best avoided as far as possible. This is because the twisting of structural elements generates large internal forces which result in a significant increase in element sizes and possibly even change in form
Steel elements are often required to sustain tensile forces, these elements are referred to as tension members or tie. Example of tension members includes steel bracings in buildings, roof truss members, cables et
Laterally unrestrained steel beams are beams in which the compression flange do not have sufficient restraint and as a result susceptible to lateral-torsional buckling, a failure mechanism of steel beams due to buckling